Dear Korea, About Mia*

*Name has been changed to protect identity

~์— ์˜ํ•ด kim thompson / ๊น€์ข…์˜ˆ born in South Korea, adopted to the USA, Co-Founder of ์œ ๋‹ˆ๋ฒ„์„ค ์•„์‹œ์•ˆ

This article was written for Finding the Truth of 372 Overseas Adoptees from Korea published in Korean

Artwork: Gone But Not Forgotten by Amelia Reimer

Dear Korea,

I want to tell you all about my friend Mia, but I am limited in how I can tell you her story as she is no longer here and cannot give consent to my re-telling of what is hers and hers alone.

And so, Korea, I will tell you about my experience and observations of her and of our friendship.

Mia was a fellow adoptee and my friend. We met in your city of Seoul around 2013 or 2014. I was in my fifth year of living there. Mia was, as is the case for many adoptees in Seoul, trying to learn your language and doing various freelance jobs related to writing and teaching English, as well as working as a journalist for publications in the country she had been adopted to and raised in. She was an immensely talented writer and photographer.

Mia was quirky. For example, she loved marshmallows more than any child or adult I have ever met. She loved them to the point of ecstasyโ€“we used to laugh at how deliriously happy it made her to roast a marshmallow on a rotating spit over hot coals where weโ€™d previously been cooking our ์–‘๊ผฌ์น˜ (lamb skewers). Mia was her own unique self. When it came to your food and cafes, Mia loved everything about you, but the fact that you could get marshmallows from ๋‹ค์ด์†Œ made her love you even more, even if they werenโ€™t (according to her) quite the same as she could get in the country where sheโ€™d been raised. She laughingly said it made her life with you that much easier.

Mia was funny, kind, thoughtful, and incredibly generous both with her time and money. She once hunted down and gifted my then-partner and myself with two specialty sakรฉs from Yoshida Brewery because we had told her how much we loved the documentary The Birth of Sakรฉ. She cared deeply for others, freely and easily expressed gratitude, and was just an all-around fun person to hang out with. She had a laugh that I can still easily recall.

Mia loved the band ๋„ฌ(Nell) and used to, needlessly, thank me constantly for โ€œintroducingโ€ them to her. โ€œTheyโ€™re sooooooo good~~~โ€ sheโ€™d earnestly exclaim when talking about an album of theirs sheโ€™d been listening to on repeat. She was an intelligent, articulate, and creative mind who had a delightful hunger for life, art, travel, new experiences, and good foodโ€ฆ and marshmallows.

Mia also had a very deep awareness and understanding of her mental health struggles and was as proactive as one could be about working to be healthy. She sought out the professional help she needed. She used her very real diagnosed depression as a positive in that she allowed it to make her an even more empathetic being, which was so evidenced in her professional career as a journalist and how she conducted her personal relationships. Mia had lived through traumas and tragedies that are all too common for adoptees and had profound sorrows and losses.

Korea, I am writing to tell you that Mia was such a good friend to many, including myself. She was genuinely interested in and curious about the lives of those around her. When one was with Mia, one felt seen, heard, loved, and cared for.

Four years have passed since she took her life, and I still and shall always love and miss her.

Something else I can tell you, Korea, with as much certainty as possible, is that if the adoption agency through whom she was exported from knew of her suicide they would quickly blame her adopters, her circumstances, her environment, her traumas, her mental health, and Mia herself. They would never think to own their responsibility in being the root cause for all of the โ€œreasonsโ€ for why she felt she could no longer stay in her life or this world.

Korea, chances are, the agency would tell you that while itโ€™s an unfortunate reality that โ€œevery so oftenโ€ โ€œbadโ€ adopters manage to get through their systemโ€“that itโ€™s a โ€œrarity.โ€ They would dig their heels in, feigning willful ignorance and dismissal over the well-researched and known statistic that adoptees are four times more likely to attempt or commit suicide than non-adoptees. They would tell you that they are not to be held accountable for Miaโ€™s mental health, and that she should have gotten the help she needed. They would say that what happened to her is too bad, and I do not doubt that they would mean it, but they would in the same breath tell you that none of this is their fault.

And yet, Korea, it was the agency that placed Mia in the family she was raised in via a system that has been empowered and enabled on both societal and governmental levels to prioritize and value financial gain over keeping children with their ummas and appas. Miaโ€™s physical and emotional safety and support she needed were not prioritized, nor were they valued.

The responsibility for her mental and physical wellness was placed directly onto her shoulders. The responsibility for her surviving her childhood; learning how to thrive; and later, as an adult, trying to adapt to life in Korea; to explore and embrace her cultural and racial identity; to try and learn the language; and to search or not to search for her first family were also all placed directly onto her shoulders. Miaโ€™s birthright to family, culture, and identity had been sold right from under her without her consent when she was a baby, and she was then left to pay the price for someone elseโ€™s immense financial profit.

Dear Korea, I wantโ€ฆ I need you to know that Mia, like so many adoptees including me, had to constantly navigate statements from the agency, adopters, and non-adoptees like: โ€œYou sound so bitter and angry. You should be more grateful.โ€ โ€œYour life is so much better than if youโ€™d grown up an orphan in South Korea.โ€ โ€œYou donโ€™t know how poor South Korea was.โ€ โ€œYouโ€™re so lucky to have been raised in the West. Your life is so much better.โ€

I need you to knowโ€ฆ to feelโ€ฆ to somehow understand that no matter how emotionally or mentally strong or proactive we as adoptees are in advocating for ourselves, no matter how โ€œperfectโ€ some of our adoptive parents might be, these kinds of statements, which embody attitudes and perceptions of denial, dismissal, and diminishing, take a toll on our mental health. They are forms of what is now known as โ€œgas lighting.โ€ They can cause us to question our sanity, goodness, love, gratitude, self, and sense of worth. They make us feel like we really might be ungrateful, unloving human beings who should be good with not knowing our parents, our ancestral roots, language, or culture because: โ€œWe got to grow up in the โ€˜richโ€™ West.โ€ These are things that no adoptee I have ever known, myself included, is truly equipped to handle, and yet the responsibility to do so, is always on us.

I think about how all of this must have worn Mia down. I think about how even though she knew on an intellectual level that her traumas were never her fault, she bore the emotional toll.

Dear Korea, when Mia took her life, your citizens did not wail aloud in the streets wearing black and white. The adoption agencies operating on your soil that to this day export children to the West for financial profit did not fall to their knees asking the gods and Miaโ€™s soul for forgiveness.ย 

The ones who were wailing, the ones left falling to their knees under the gut-wrenching sorrow and ache of Miaโ€™s suicide were and remain the same ones who also live as survivors of adoptionโ€“us adoptees. You see, when any one of our 200,000 is lost to suicide or addiction or abuse, the loss is deep and the loss is a collective and a permanent one. Four years later, and I still feel the absence of her presence not just in my life, but also in this world.

I am writing you Korea, because it is imperative that you always remember that Miaโ€™s decision to end her life was not her fault. Yes, she made that choice at the very end, but in so many ways that choice had been made for her the day her agency got their hands on her and sold and sent her away from your shores to her adopters.

Yes, itโ€™s true that chances are, Mia would have always struggled with aspects of her mental health even if sheโ€™d been able to grow up in the family and place that was rightfully hers. But, I am also confident in saying that her taking her life in her late 30s most likely would not have happened because she would not have had any of the traumas inflicted by coerced abandonment and adoption to carry in her heart that was too big and beautiful for this world.

When Mia died, not only did I lose a dear friend, we the collective of adoptees lost yet another of ours, and whether one can or wants to see this or notโ€“you, my beloved South Korea, you lost a great woman, a great creative mind, a great friend, a great daughter, a great sister, a great aunt, a great partner, a great heart, and a great Korean who had all the potential to significantly contribute to the richness of your literature, arts, and culture. ย 

But more than anything dearest Korea, when Mia lost her life to the wounds and traumas of adoption inflicted on her by her agency, you lost one of your children.

์ž์›

Intercountry Adoption and Suicide: A Scoping Review

International Conference for Verifying and Guaranteeing the Human Rights of Overseas Korean Adoptees (English โ€“ Korean translation, Research Overview of the largest study done on Korean intercountry adoptees)

Intercountry Adoptee Memorials

Research on Adoptees and Suicide

Adoptees and Suicide Risk

R U OK Day? โ€“ Itโ€™s time to talk about adoptees and attempted suicide

์ž…์–‘์ธ์œผ๋กœ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ™•์ธ

~์— ์˜ํ•ด ํ™€๋ฆฌ ๋งฅ๊ธฐ๋‹ˆ์Šค ํ•œ๊ตญ ํƒœ์ƒ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ž…์–‘, Also Known As(AKA) ์„ค๋ฆฝ์ž, ๋ฒ„์ง€๋‹ˆ์•„ ์ปค๋จผ์›ฐ์Šค ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์‚ฌํšŒ์‚ฌ์—… ์กฐ๊ต์ˆ˜

๋งŽ์€ ์ž…์–‘์ธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋‹ด์€ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ๋‘ ์‚ด ๋ฌด๋ ต์— ๊ณ ์•„์›์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”์„ ๋•Œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋”ธ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„๊ณผ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ฐ์€ ์‚ฌ์ง„๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ผ. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ ๋ณด์ž‰ 747์„ ํƒ€๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š˜์—์„œ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ๊ฑท๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ๋ณ€ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋А๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ฏ์„ค์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ผ์ด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œ์ผœ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์šธ์ด ๋˜์–ด์ค„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ, ๊ฑฐ์šธ์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋‹ค๋ณด๊ณ  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด๊ณผ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„ ๋‚ฏ์„ค์–ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์–ผ๊ตด์„ ๋ณด์•˜์„ ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ ๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. , ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ”ผ์–ด๋ง.

๋‚˜์˜ ํƒ„์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ง€์‹์„ ํ’ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์–ผ๊ตด, ์ด ๋ชธ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ~ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ~ ๊ธด ์—ฌ์ •์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ์–ผ๊ตด์˜ ์ง€ํ˜•์€ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์™€ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์กฐ์ƒ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฌผ๋ ค๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์›ƒ์Œ์„ , ๊นŒ๋งˆ๊ท€ ๋ฐœ์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋“ ์ฐฌ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ๊ฐ์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•œ๊ตญ ์—„๋งˆ์ธ ์—„๋งˆ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋งŒ๋‚œ ํ›„, ์—„๋งˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ์•„์› ์›์žฅ์ธ ์–‘์•„๋น ์—๊ฒŒ ์œ„์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„(์™ผ์ชฝ)์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋˜ ์•„๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. . ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—„๋งˆ Eva Marie McGinnis๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋‚ด ๊ณฑ์Šฌ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์œ ์•„์ธ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๊ทธ๋…€ ์—ญ์‹œ ๋‚ด ์œ ์•„๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋„ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€๋‹นํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์—„๋งˆ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ ์—„๋งˆ๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ง์•„์„œ ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์œผ์…จ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง„์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์›ƒ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ๊ธฐ์–ต์„ ๋˜์‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์— ํฌ์ฐฉ๋œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค. ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‚ด์–ด ์•„๊ธฐ์˜ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ง๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์—„๋งˆ(๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๋‚ด ๊ฟˆํ‹€๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜๋ด!), ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋ฅธ ์˜ท, ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํฌ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•  ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ. ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ชธ์ง“์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด๋‚˜ ์นœ์ˆ™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋А๊ปด์กŒ๊ณ , ์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ์ œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์“ธ์–ด์ฃผ๊ณ , ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๋“œ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ , ํฌ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•  ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ฃผ์…จ๋˜ ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(์•„๋ž˜ ์ฃผ๋‹ˆ์–ด ๋ฌด๋„ํšŒ ์‚ฌ์ง„ ์ฐธ์กฐ).

ํ†ตํ•ฉ์€ ์˜จ์ „ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ธธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŽ์€ ์ž…์–‘์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์นœ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์ฐพ์„ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋„, ์‚ฌ์ง„๋„, ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์–ต๋„ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ํ˜ˆํ†ต์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง‰์—ฐํ•œ ๋А๋‚Œ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ธ๋ฅ˜์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์— ํƒœ์–ด๋‚ฌ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ง„์‹ค๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์–ผ๊ตด๊ณผ ๋ชธ์˜ ๋…ธํ™”๋œ ํŠน์ง•๋งŒ ๋‚จ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด ์ƒ์ผ์— ๋‚ด ์†Œ์›์€ ์ž…์–‘๋œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ถœ์ƒ๊ณผ ์ธ๋ฅ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™•์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ธฐ์›์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ธฐ์›๊ณผ ๋‹จ์ ˆ๋œ ๋А๋‚Œ์ด ๋“œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ชธ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๋„๋ก ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ฑฐ์šธ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์™€ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘, ์—ฐ๋ฏผ, ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์›€์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ธ์Šคํƒ€์—์„œ ํ™€๋ฆฌ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค @hollee.mcginnis

์ž์›

2014๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ICAV์—์„œ Hollee์˜ ์ด์ „ ๊ณต์œ  ์ฝ๊ธฐ ์‹ ์›

Hollee McGinnis๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ

Haaland ๋Œ€ Brackeen์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž…์–‘์ธ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ

~์— ์˜ํ•ด ํŒจํŠธ๋ฆญ ์•”์ŠคํŠธ๋กฑ ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ์ž…์–‘๋œ ์ž…์–‘์ธ ์—ฐ์‚ฌ, ํŒŸ์บ์Šคํ„ฐ, ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ํผ์‹ค๋ฆฌํ…Œ์ดํ„ฐ, ๊ณต๋™ ์ฃผ์ตœ ์ž”์น˜์‡ผ, ์˜ ๊ณต๋™ ์„ค๋ฆฝ์ž ์ธ๋””์• ๋‚˜์ฃผ์˜ ์•„์‹œ์•„ ์ž…์–‘์ธ

์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋Œ€๋ฒ•์›์€ ๋‹ค์Œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™€๋ž€๋“œ ๋Œ€ ๋ธŒ๋ผํ‚จ.

๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด์•ผ?

NS ์ธ๋„ ์•„๋™ ๋ณต์ง€๋ฒ•(ICWA) ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž ์žฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๋ถ€์กฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ๋ณดํ˜ธ.

๋‰ด์š• ํƒ€์ž„์ฆˆ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด:

โ€œ๋ฒ•์€ 100๋…„ ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ณต์ง€์‚ฌ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์•„์ด๋“ค์ด ๋ถ€์กฑ ๊ฐ€์ •์—์„œ ๊ฐ•์ œ๋กœ ์ถ”๋ฐฉ๋˜์–ด ์ •๋ถ€์™€ ์„ ๊ต ๊ธฐ์ˆ™ ํ•™๊ต์— ๋ณด๋‚ด์ง„ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ๊ธฐ๋…๊ต ๊ฐ€์ •์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ดˆ์•ˆ์ด ์ž‘์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

24๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ์•„๋™ ๋ณต์ง€ ๋‹จ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด, ์ด ๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ชฉํ‘œ์ธ ํ†ต์ผ(์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์กฑ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ)์€ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๊ธˆ๋ณธ์œ„์ œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ€์กฑ ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์•„๋™์ด ํ™•๋Œ€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ, ๋ฌธํ™” ์œ ์‚ฐ ๋ฐ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด "์•„๋™์˜ ์ตœ์„ ์˜ ์ด์ต"์˜ ์ •์˜์— ๋‚ด์žฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์•„๋™์ด ์œ„ํƒ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์ ์ธ ์•ˆ์ •ํ™” ์š”์†Œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "

๐Ÿ‘‡๐Ÿผ

Brackeens๋Š” 2015๋…„์— ๋‚˜๋ฐ”ํ˜ธ์กฑ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์› ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์ž…์–‘ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ์ž…์–‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์‰ฌ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ๋ฒ•์— ๋งž์„œ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์ธ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ฃผ์žฅํ•œ๋‹ค. "๋ฒ•์€ ์ธ์ข…์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž…์–‘์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์™€ ๋น„์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์ฐจ๋ณ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๐Ÿซ ๐Ÿซ ๐Ÿซ 

โ˜๐Ÿผ ์ „๊ตญ ์ž…์–‘์ธ ์ธ์‹์˜ ๋‹ฌ์ด์ž ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์œ ์‚ฐ์˜ ๋‹ฌ์ธ 11์›”์— ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โœŒ๐Ÿผ ์ด ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ฅผ ์–ต์••ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž…์–‘์ธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๋ฌดํšจํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์ œ๋„์  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ž…์–‘์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฑ์ธ๋“ค์€ ์ด ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ž๋…€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ถŒํ•œ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํŠนํžˆ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด.

โญ๏ธ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž…์–‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ์ž๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โญ๏ธ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์–‘์œกํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž…์–‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ "๊ตฌ์›"ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

โญ๏ธ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ์ž…์–‘ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–‘์œกํ•  ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํŠน๊ถŒ์˜ ์ •์˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Brackeens์™€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณต๋™ ์›๊ณ ๋“ค์ด ํ—Œ๋ฒ•์„ ๋’ค์ง‘์œผ๋ ค๋Š” ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ด๋งŒํผ์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ์—๋„ˆ์ง€, ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ์Ÿ์•„ ๋ถ€์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ๋ณด์กด๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?

๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?

๐Ÿง ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด๋ฒˆ ๋‹ฌ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์™œ ์•ˆ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?

Insta: @patrickintheworld ๋˜๋Š” LinkedIn @Patrick Armstrong์—์„œ Patrick์„ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ž์›

๋Œ€๋ฒ•์›์€ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ์ž…์–‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ์†ก์„ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ: ๋Œ€๋ฒ•์›์€ ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž…์–‘๋ฒ•์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ธ๋„ ์•„๋™๋ณต์ง€๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋„์ „

๋ณต์Œ์ฃผ์˜ ๋ถ€๋ถ€์˜ SCOTUS ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ์นด ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ

๋Œ€๋ฒ•์›์ด ์ธ๋„ ์•„๋™๋ณต์ง€๋ฒ•์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์˜ˆ๋‚˜ ๋งˆํ‹ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ICWA์™€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ„ ์ž…์–‘์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํ—ค์ด๊ทธ ํ˜‘์•ฝ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌ์ ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๋ฆ„์— ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?

~์— ์˜ํ•ด ์Šคํ…ŒํŒŒ๋‹ˆ ๊น€๋™ํฌ, ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ๋กœ ์ฑ„ํƒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ "ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ" ์ด๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?

๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž, ๊ธฐํ˜ธ ๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ชจ์Œ ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ง๊ณผ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์—๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ด๋Š” ์ƒ์ง•์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ฐ์ •๊ณผ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์†ํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?

๋งŽ์€ ์ž…์–‘์ธ๊ณผ ์นœ๋ถ€๋ชจ ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๋‹ต์ด ์—†๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‚˜๋Š” ๊น€์”จ ์ง‘์•ˆ์˜ ๋„ท์งธ ๋”ธ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ๋ฑƒ์†์—์„œ ์ธ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ž‰ํƒœ๋˜์–ด ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋™ํฌ(๋™ํฌ)๋ผ๊ณ  ์ง€์—ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ ๊ฐ€์ •์— ์ž…์–‘๋˜์–ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์„ฑ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ '๋ฎ์–ด์“ฐ๊ธฐ'ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋А๊ปด์ง€๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ์—์„œ ์ž๋ผ ๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ ๊ตญ์ ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ ์  ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์€ ๋‚ด ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ฌธํ™”์—์„œ ์ž๋ผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚ด ๋ชจ์Šต์˜ ํฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‚ด ์ด๋ฆ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋А๋‚Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์ด๋ฆ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋А๋‚Œ ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‚˜๋Š” ์–‘๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋™ํฌ๋ฅผ ๋นผ์•—์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ทธ์ € ์Šคํ…ŒํŒŒ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•ด์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์‚ด๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ฐจ๋ณ„์ด ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์„œ์–‘์‹ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ œ ํ˜ˆํ†ต๊ณผ ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ ์„ฑ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ณณ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ ์  ๋” ๋А๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊น€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ์ผ์›์ด ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ ์ด ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฐ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ๊ฐ€์กฑ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ ์„ฑ ์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ด€์„ฑ์„ ๋œ ๋А๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ, ์–‘์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์™€ ํ˜•์ œ ์™ธ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งŽ์€ ์ ‘์ด‰์ด๋‚˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์ด ๋œ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋А๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค€๋‹ค๋ฉด.

์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚ด ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง‘์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋А๋ผ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค.

์žฌํ‚ท์„ ๋ฒ—๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์„œ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋…ธ์ถœ๋˜๊ณ  ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ๋А๋‚Œ์ด ๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถˆํŽธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 42๋…„ ์ด์ƒ ๋™์•ˆ ๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•ด์™”๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์›๋ž˜ Instagram์— ๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ICAV์— ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ •๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค..

์ž์›

์ด๋ฆ„์— ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ, ์กด์ค‘, ์†Œ์œ ๊ถŒ?

๋ฏธ๊ตญโ€”๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„์‹œ์•„๊ณ„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ์ž„์„ ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๏ฟผ

by Mary Choi Robinson, adopted from South Korea to the USA

As I sit down to my laptop it is May 2, the second day of Asian American and Pacific Islander (AAPI) Heritage Awareness Month and I reflect on Alice Wuโ€™s The Half of It I watched last night to commemorate the first day of AAPI month. Watching the movie with my daughter, I thought how I wished it or something like it had been available when I was a teenager or even in my early twenties. To see an entire film focused on the life of a young Asian woman on the cusp of self-discovery and adulthood would have made me feel seen and a part of the fabric of American identity. So while this month is meant to showcase AAPI heritage I am not in fact proud to be Asian-Americanโ€ฆyet.

I am sure my previous statement will elicit reactions from disbelief, to shock, to anger, and everything in between from varying groups of identities. So let me explain why I am not proud yet, how America made it nearly impossible for me to be proud, and how Iโ€™m gaining pride in my Asianness. As a Korean adoptee, raised by white parents in predominately-white areas, I have always navigated two racial worlds that often oppose each other and forever contradict my identity. The whiteness of my parents did not insulate or protect me from racism and in fact would even appear at home. When I first arrived to the US, my sister, my parentโ€™s biological child, took me in as her show and tell for school with our parentsโ€™ blessing. Her all white classmates and teacher were fascinated with me and some even touched my โ€œbeautiful silky shiny jet blackโ€ hair, something that would continue into my early thirties until I realized I did ~ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค have to allow people to touch my hair. Although I start with this story, this is not a piece about being a transracial, transnational adopteeโ€”that is for another day, maybe in November for National Adoption Awareness Monthโ€”but to illustrate how my Asian identity exists in America.

As I grew up, I rarely saw other Asians let alone interacted with them. Instead, I lived in a white world full of Barbie, blonde hair and blue eyes in movies, television shows, magazines, and classrooms. The rare times I did see Asians in person were once a year at the Chinese restaurant to celebrate my adoption day or exaggerated or exocticized caricatures in movies and tv shows. Think Mickey Rooney in Breakfast at Tiffanyโ€™s, Long Duck Dong in Sixteen Candles, or Ling Ling the โ€œexotic gem of the Eastโ€ in Bewitched. Imagine instead an America where Wuโ€™s film or To All the Boys Iโ€™ve Loved Before ๋˜๋Š” Crazy Rich Asian ๋˜๋Š” Fresh Off the Boat ๋˜๋Š” Kimโ€™s Convenience would have opened up for generations of Asian Americans. Rarely would I spot another Asian in the school halls. However, I could never form friendships with them, heavens no, they were real full Asians and society had taught me they were weird, ate strange smelly things, talked funny, and my inner adolescent warned me association with โ€œthemโ€ would only make me more of an outsider, more Asian. In classrooms from K-12 and even in college, all eyes, often including the teacher, turned to me when anything about an Asian subject, regardless of whether it was about China, Vietnam, Korea, etc., as the expert to either verify or deny the material. I always dreaded when the material even had the mention of an Asian country or food or whatever and would immediately turn red-faced and hot while I rubbed my sweaty palms on my pant legs until the teacher moved on, hoping the entire time I would not be called on as an expert like so many times before.

My white family and white friends would lull me into a false sense of belonging and whiteness by association. That false sense of security would shatter when they so easily and spontaneously weaponized my Asianness against me with racial slurs during arguments. Of course, I was used to racist verbal attacks from complete strangers, I had grown up on a diet of it, but it especially pained me from friends and family. The intimacy of those relationships turned the racism into acts of betrayal. That was the blatant racism; the subtle subversive racism caused just as much damage to my sense of pride. As a young professional in my early twenties, a white colleague told me how beautiful I was โ€œfor an Asian girl.โ€ A Latina student in one of my courses loudly and clearly stated, โ€œThe first day of class, I was so worried I wouldnโ€™t be able to understand you and Iโ€™m so glad your English is so good!โ€ And of course I regularly receive the always popular, โ€œWhere are you from? No, where are you really from?โ€ Because Asian Americans, whether born here or not, are always seen as foreigners.

AAPI Awareness Month did not even become official until 1992. But anti-Asian sentiment in the US has a long history and was sealed in 1882 with the first national stance on anti-immigration that would be the catalyst for future immigration policies, better known as the Chinese Exclusion Act, coincidentally signed into law also in the month of May. In February 1942, the US rounded up and interned Japanese-Americans and Asian-Americans of non-Japanese decent after the bombing of Pearl Harbor. Now in 2020 amidst the global lockdown of Covid-19, anti-Asian attacks, both verbal and physical, have increased to startling numbers. As recently as April 28, NBC News reported Over 30 percent of Americans have witnessed COVID-19 bias against Asians. Think about thatโ€”this is Americans reporting this not Asian Americans. The attacks have been worldwide but this report shows what Asian Americans are dealing with alongside the stress of the pandemic situation in the US. Keep in mind the attacks on Asian Americans are not just from white folks, indeed weโ€™re fair game for everyone as evidenced by Jose Gomezโ€™s attempt to murder an Asian American family including a two-year old child in Midland, Texas in March. Let that sink inโ€”a two-year old child simply because they are Asian! Asians are being spat on, sprayed, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  worse by every racial group.

To help combat this current wave of American anti-Asian sentiment, highly visible leader and former presidential candidate, Andrew Yang advised Asian Americans in a ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ op-ed to:

โ€œโ€ฆembrace and show our American-ness in ways we never have before. We need to step up, help our neighbors, donate gear, vote, wear red white and blue, volunteer, fund aid organizations, and do everything in our power to accelerate the end of this crisis. We should show without a shadow of a doubt that we are Americans who will do our part for our country in this time of need.โ€

My reaction to Mr. Yangโ€™s response bordered on anger at the implication for Asian Americans to continue the perpetuation of the model minority myth. The danger of which, besides reinforcing divides between racial and minority groups, extols the virtue of suffer in silence. Do not make waves, keep your head down, be a โ€œgoodโ€ American. Sorry Mr. Yang, I am finally gaining pride in my Asianess and I cannot and will not stay silent any longer.

์•„์‹œ์•„์ธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž๋ถ€์‹ฌ์„ ์–ป๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ‰์ƒ์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ํ™ฉ๊ฐˆ์ƒ‰ ํ”ผ๋ถ€์™€ ์ง™์€ ์•„๋ชฌ๋“œ ๋ชจ์–‘์˜ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๊ณ ๋ง™๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋‚ด ์œก์ฒด์  ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›€์„ ๋ฐฑ์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•œ ํ‘œ์ค€๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์•„์‹œ์•„ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์ด ์•„์‹œ์•„์ธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์‹œ์•„์ธ์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„์‹œ์•„์ธ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋‚˜์™€ ๋‹ฎ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ์šฐ์ •์„ ์†Œ์ค‘ํžˆ ์—ฌ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์•„์‹œ์•„ ์š”๋ฆฌ, ๋ฌธํ™” ๋ฐ ์ „ํ†ต์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ์„ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋ฉฐ "์•„์‹œ์•„์ธ"์€ ๋‹จ์ผ ๋ฌธํ™”์˜ ๋‹จ์ผ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์•„์‹œ์•„์ธ์ด๋‚˜ ์ธ์ข…์ฐจ๋ณ„์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€๊ฐ์ด๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ ๋ถ€์กฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‘๋ ค์›€ ์—†์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํšŒ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ํฐ์ƒ‰์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์›๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„์‹œ์•„์ธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ž๋ถ€์‹ฌ์„ ๋А๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Mary์˜ ์ด์ „ ๋ธ”๋กœ๊ทธ ์ฝ๊ธฐ My Adoption Day Is An Anniversary of Loss

๋‚ด ์œ ์•„ ์…€ํ”„ ํŽ˜์ธํŒ…

~์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ด์žฌ์šฉ, ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ์ž…์–‘๋œ ์ž‘๊ฐ€์ด์ž ์˜ˆ์ˆ ๊ฐ€.

2006๋…„ ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง„ ์ฑ„๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ ๋ณ‘์› ๋ถ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋Œ€๊ตฌ์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค. ๋ชฉ์  ์—†์ด ๋ฐฉํ™ฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„์ด ํ˜๋ €์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์นœ์ˆ™ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋А๊ปด์ง€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์€ ์—ฌํ–‰ ์ค‘์— ์ฐ์€ ์‚ฌ์ง„์—์„œ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋‚ด ์œ ์•„์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฝค ์Šฌํ”„๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ์†์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ๋– ๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ ๋А๊ปด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋…€์—์„œ JS Lee์˜ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์„ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ.

์ž…์–‘์ธ ๋ˆˆ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ

~์— ์˜ํ•ด ์•Œ๋ ‰์‹œ์Šค ๋ฐ”ํ‹€๋ ›, ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ ํ˜ธ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ž…์–‘; ์ž…์–‘์ธ ์˜ˆ์ˆ  ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์—์„œ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Alexis Bartlett์˜ ์˜ˆ์ˆ .

์•Œ๋ ‰์‹œ์Šค ๋ฐ”ํ‹€๋ ›์˜ ์˜ํฌ์˜ ๋ˆˆ

์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ž…์–‘์ธ ์ดˆ์ƒํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋ฉด์„œ ๋‚ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์™€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋ˆˆ์ด ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‚˜๋Š” ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚ด ๋ˆˆ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž…์–‘์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ ๊ฒช๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์›€ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์šธ์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ์ด ๊ฐˆ์ƒ‰์˜ ํ•œ๊ตญ์ธ ๋ˆˆ์ด ๋‚ด ์ฃผ๋ณ€์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด๋‚˜ ๋‚ด ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์•„๋ฌด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‘์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‹ค๋ง์Šค๋Ÿฌ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์•…๋ช… ๋†’์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋ˆˆ ์ˆ˜์ˆ (์Œ๊บผํ’€์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋” ํฌ๊ณ  ๋œ ๋™์–‘์ ์ธ ๋ˆˆ์˜ ํ™˜์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด)์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ํฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ €๋ฅผ ์—„๋งˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ณด๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์˜ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ž๋ž์œผ๋ฉด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ๋‚จ์ž. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ์˜ ์ž์‹ ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ชจ์ˆœ์ ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํž˜๋“ค์ง€๋งŒ ์ž๊ธฐ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ž…์–‘๋์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ด์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด (์•„์ฃผ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ๋‚˜์ด๋ถ€ํ„ฐ) ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ „ํ˜€ ๊ฐ™์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค ์ฃผ์œ„์—์„œ ์ž๋ผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•ด ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋ฅผ ๋ฏฟ์œผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์„ฑ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค, ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋‚˜์ €๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜ํฌ๋Š” ๋ˆˆ์ด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚˜๋„ค์š”.

Alexis์˜ ์ž…์–‘์ธ ์ดˆ์ƒํ™”๋ฅผ ๋” ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

Facebook์— ์•ก์„ธ์Šคํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด Alexis๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์—ฌ์ •์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ์ดˆ์ƒํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณต์œ ํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

"๋‚˜์™€ ๊ฐ™์€" ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฉด์—์„œ... ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ๊ณผ ํƒ€ํ˜‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ‰์ƒ ๋™์•ˆ ์ž…์–‘ ํŠธ๋ผ์šฐ๋งˆ๋ฅผ ๊ทน๋ณตํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒ์— ์งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์™ธ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณ ๋…์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ) ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์ง€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ  ๋‚˜ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€

โ€œ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ž…์–‘์ธ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฑ„ํƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ์ด์ƒ์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งž์„œ๊ณ  ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋„์ „์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ค‘ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฏฟ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์ž…์–‘์˜ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ๋ฉด์— ์นจ๋ฌตํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์˜คํ•ด์— ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€

โ€œ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์™ธ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์šฐ์ •์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ €๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–‘๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด์จŒ๋“  ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์ œํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์˜ˆ์ˆ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์ „๋ถ€์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.โ€

โ€œ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์†Œ์†๊ฐ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํˆฌ์Ÿ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด์ œ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์†Œ์†๊ฐ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์ž‘์€ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์™ธ์—๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํฌ๋ฐ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ๊ฐ€์กฑ์— ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์†ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ž…์–‘ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ๋„ ์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์–ด์šธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ•œ์ธ ์ž…์–‘์ธ ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋™๋ฃŒ ์ž…์–‘์ธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด ๋งค์šฐ ์˜๊ด‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ, ์–˜๋“ค์•„.โ€

๋‚ด ์ž…์–‘์ผ์€ ์ƒ์‹ค์˜ ๊ธฐ๋…์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ์ž…์–‘๋œ ๋ฉ”๋ฆฌ ์ตœ ๋กœ๋นˆ์Šจ.

์ตœ์ˆœ๊ทœ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•ฝ 4์‚ด์ด๋ฉฐ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๊ณ ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ๋นˆ๊ณค์˜ ์ฐธํ™”๋กœ ๋ณ‘๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด ์ฐํžˆ๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ „์ƒ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์•„์ด์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋”ธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด ๋‚˜์˜จ ์ง€ ์•ฝ 8๊ฐœ์›” ํ›„์ธ 2์›” 18์ผ, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์†ก๋˜์–ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹ ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ฏ์„ค๊ณ  ๋ฌด์„ญ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€๊ณผ๋œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ถ. ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์–ธ์–ด์™€ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ์žƒ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ, ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ถ์ด ํŠธ๋ผ์šฐ๋งˆ์™€ ์ƒ์‹ค๊ฐ์— ์‹œ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด์ œ ๋‚˜์ด๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ๋งค์ผ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์ •์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

๋Œ€์‹  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ฐธ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์Šฌํ””๊ณผ ์ƒ์‹ค๊ฐ์„ ๋งค์ผ ์•ˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋” ๋‚˜์˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์Šฌํ””๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์Šฌํ””. ์Šฌํ”” ๋‚˜๋Š” ์• ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ํ™•์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ณ  ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ํšŒ๋ณต๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ธ๋Œ€์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์–ด๋–ค ๋‚ ์€ ํŠนํžˆ ์˜ˆ๊ธฐ์น˜ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ์ž…์–‘์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋ˆˆ์ด ๋ฉ€์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํˆฌ์Ÿํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์— ์ž…์–‘/๋„์ฐฉํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋…์ผ์ผ ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ์ƒ์‹ค์˜ ๊ธฐ๋…์ผ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ด ์‚ถ์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

Mary์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์„์‚ฌ ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์ด ๋‹ค์Œ ์œ„์น˜์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ICAV ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€ โ€“ ๋ณ‘ํ–‰์ƒํ™œ: ์ดˆ๊ตญ์  ํ•œ์ธ ์ž…์–‘์ธ์˜ ํšŒ๊ณ ๋ก๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ.

๊ตํ™ฉ

~์— ์˜ํ•ด ์นด๋ฉ”๋ก  ๋ฆฌ, ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ์ž…์–‘๋œ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์‚ฌ์ด์ž ์„ค๋ฆฝ์ž ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฐ›์€ ์น˜๋ฃŒ.

์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ์ž…์–‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”? ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋จผ์ €, ์ธ๋ฅ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด @patrickinworld๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ํ”„๋ž€์‹œ์Šค์˜ ๋ง ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ธ๊ฐ„์„ฑ์„ ์ถฉ์กฑ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์–‘ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์–‘ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ดํƒ€์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‘˜์งธ, ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์–‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ฃ„์ฑ…๊ฐ์„ ๋А๋ผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์–‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋‚ด ์ด์ „์„ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทผ๋ฌด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์—ํ”ผ์†Œ๋“œ, "๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์€ ์ž…์–‘ํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"

์…‹์งธ, ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์•„์ด์™€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๊ต์ฒดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ด์‹œํƒœ๊ทธ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ #notathing ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒํ’ˆํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๋Ÿฌํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ์˜ ์—ด๋งค๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์œ ์•„๊ธฐ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฐ๋ น๋Œ€์˜ ์ž…์–‘์ธ์€ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์™€ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋„˜์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋ ค ๊นŠ๊ณ  ์ •๋ณด์— ์ž…๊ฐํ•œ ๋ณด์‚ดํ•Œ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋„ท์งธ, ์ด ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋Š” ์ž…์–‘ ํ›„ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ์˜๋ฏธ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ ๊ตฐ๋ถ„ํˆฌํ•˜๋Š” ์˜์  ๊ถŒ์œ„์ž๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋ฏธ ์ž…์–‘ํ•œ ๊ตํšŒ์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค์„ ๊ณ„์† ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ด‰๊ตฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์„ธ๊ณ„๊ด€์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž…์–‘์ธ(๋ฐ ๊ทธ ๊ฐ€์กฑ)์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ํ˜ผ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์–‘์œก๊ถŒ ์–‘๋„, ์–‘์œก๊ถŒ ์–‘๋„ ๋“ฑ์˜ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋‚˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ตํšŒ ๋ฐ–์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ํ• ์ธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๋™๊ธฐ(๋‚˜์˜ ํŒ๋‹จ์ด ์—†์Œ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ ์ด์ƒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!) ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ์—ฌ์ •์— ๋“ค์–ด์„ฐ๊ณ , ์ž์›๊ณผ ์ž์›์ด ์ ˆ์‹คํžˆ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์˜์  ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์ž๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฑฑ์ •๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํฌ๋ง.

๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋ณด์กด์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์„ ์ตœ์†Œํ™”ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ† ํฐํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์—ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๋ถ€๋ชจ์™€ ์นœ์ฒ™๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค๋„๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์˜ˆ, ๋Œ€ํ™”๋Š” ์ด ๋‹จ์ผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ„์ •์„ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜์—ฌ #adoption์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฏฟ์Œ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ƒ๊ฐ๊ณผ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐœํ˜ ๋ฐ ๋ณต์› ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ์˜จ ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด ์•ˆํŒŽ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์ˆ˜ํžˆ ๋งŽ์€ #adoptee ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ดˆ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ์ž…์–‘ ๊ด€ํ–‰์ด ์ƒ์‹ ์šด๋ช…์„ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋„์ „ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•

~์— ์˜ํ•ด ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹€๋ผ ํŽ˜ํ‹ฐ๋ฒ ๋ฅด๊ธฐ์—” (ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์—์„œ ์ž๋ž€ ์•„์ดํ‹ฐ ์ž…์–‘์ธ), ๊น€์€์„œ, ์ •์ง€์œค, ํ—ˆ์ •, ์„น์„ฌ์ธ, ํ•™์—… ๊ณผ์ •์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ ์ œ์ถœ: ๊ฐ€์น˜์˜ ์ •์น˜.

์†Œ๊ฐœ

ํ˜„์žฌ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์ž…์–‘์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์™€ ์ž…์–‘๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ •์ฑ… ์˜์—ญ์€ ์€ํ๋˜๊ณ  ๋ณด์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋งŽ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๊ณผ ์†Œ์™ธ, ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์กฐ, ๋œ ์šฐ์„ ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋ฐํ˜€์ ธ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ •์„ ์ด๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์น˜, ์ž…์–‘์•„์™€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ๊ณผ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ ์ €ํžˆ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•™๊ณ„์—์„œ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋…ผ์˜๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ ๋ฌธ์ œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ์œค๋ฆฌ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ƒ์ถฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์น˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ์ €๋ช…ํ•œ ์ •์น˜์  ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ดˆ๊ตญ์  ์ž…์–‘ ๊ด€ํ–‰์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํŒ€์› ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž…์–‘์ธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ์ œ ์ž…์–‘์€ ๊ณ„์ธตํ™”๋œ ์žฌ์ƒ์‚ฐ์˜ ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ, ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ž๋…€ ์–‘์œก์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž…์–‘ ๊ณผ์ •์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์˜ ํƒˆ-ํ‚จ๋‹(de-kinning)์„ ํ†ตํ•œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ด€์ฐฐ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ,
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ , ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž…์–‘์ด ๊ฐ€์กฑ ํ˜•์„ฑ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์˜ ์ด์ƒ๊ณผ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ •์น˜์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ์ฆ์–ธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ, ํŠนํžˆ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ž๋…€์™€ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜๋„๋ก ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•˜๋Š” ์š”์ธ, ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ์ธ์˜ ์ •๋„์™€ ๊ธฐ์—ฌ๋„๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠน์ • ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌํšŒ์ , ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ฌด๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ •์น˜์  ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ ๋ฐ ๋ฒˆ์‹ ํ†ต์ œ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ •์น˜์  ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ž…์–‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ดˆ๊ตญ์  ์ž…์–‘์˜ ๋ณด๋‹ค ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ ๋ฐ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•œ๊ตญ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์„ ์ง„๊ตญ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์œ„์ƒ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃผ์š” ์•„๋™ ๊ธฐ์ฆ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋˜ ์ค‘ ๊น€ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ ์ž‘๊ฐ€์˜ ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์„ ์ ‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , "ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ƒ๋ชจ์™€ ์ดˆ๊ตญ์  ์ž…์–‘ ์‚ฌ๋ก€; ๊ฐ€์ƒ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ (2016)". ์•„๋™ ์ž…์–‘, ํŠนํžˆ ์ดˆ๊ตญ์  ์ž…์–‘์„ ์ „๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋กœ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ†ต์ฐฐ๋ ฅ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํŒ๋‹จํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊น€ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋‰ด์š•์‹œ๋ฆฝ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ŠคํƒœํŠผ์•„์ผ๋žœ๋“œ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์‚ฌํšŒ์ธ๋ฅ˜ํ•™๊ณผ ์กฐ๊ต์ˆ˜๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ ํ•™์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. CUNY ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ์„ผํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™ ํ•™์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ์ธ๋””์• ๋‚˜ ์ฃผ๋ฆฝ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ์‚ฌํšŒํ•™ ์„์‚ฌ. ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์ดˆ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ์ž…์–‘๊ณผ ์žฌ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์ •์น˜์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์„ ํƒํ•œ ์ถœํŒ๋ฌผ์€ ์ดˆ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ์žฌ์ƒ์‚ฐ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ž…์–‘ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ํƒˆ์‹๋ฏผํ™”, ์œก์„ฑํฌ์™€ ๊ณต๋™ ์ €์ˆ  ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ดˆ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ์ž…์–‘์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์ •์น˜: ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ์˜ ์„ ์ ๊ณผ ๊ฑฐ๋ฒ„๋„Œ์Šค, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ƒ๋ช…์ •์น˜์  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ตญ์ œ ์ž…์–‘, ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋น„์ •์ƒ์  ์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ ์ด์ฃผ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ์™€ ๊ทธ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทœ์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋ก 

์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ์ค‘ ๋ฌป๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. (1) ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ๋‚™์ธ
ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ '์ •์ƒ๊ฐ€์ •'์ด ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ์ž ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ž…์–‘ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋ฐฉํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ ? (2) ๊ตญ์ œ์ž…์–‘ ๋ฌธ์ œ์™€ ๊ด€๋ จํ•˜์—ฌ ํŠน๋ณ„ํžˆ ํ•œ๊ตญ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ดˆ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ์ž…์–‘์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ƒ๋ช…์ •์น˜์  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๋กœ์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ–ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€? (3) ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ํ•ด์™ธ์ž…์–‘์‚ฐ์—… ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์•„๋™์„ ์ƒํ’ˆํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์•„๋™๋ณต์ง€์œค๋ฆฌ์™€ ์ž๋…€ ์–‘์œก๊ถŒ์˜ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์‹œํ–ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€? ๋ถ๋ฐ˜๊ตฌ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž…์–‘ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์•„๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋ชจ์˜ ์ƒ์‹ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ ์กด์ค‘์— ๋„์ „ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€? (4) ๋…์‹  ์ž„์‚ฐ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์ž…์–‘์„ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ •๋ง๋กœ "์„ ํƒ"์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์š”์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์„ '์„ ํƒ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š”' ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์„๊นŒ? (5)
์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ์ •์น˜์  ์•ฝ์ ์ด ์ž…์–‘ ๋ถ€๋ชจ ๋ฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž…์–‘ ์ฃผ์ฒด์˜ ์ด์ต์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? (6) ํ–ฅํ›„ ์ž…์–‘ ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์ด ํ•„์š”/๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?

์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์—๋Š” Christla PETITBERGHIEN, ๊น€์€์„œ, ์ •์ง€์œค, ํ—ˆ์ •, Sum Yin Shek ๋“ฑ 5๋ช…์˜ ๋ฉค๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ณตํ†ต๋œ ์ž‘์—…์€ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ , ๊ฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์—ฌ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ณ , ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ ๋‹จ๋ฝ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Christla๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•˜๊ณ , Eunseo๋Š” ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ์ž‘์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์™€ ์—ฐ๋ฝ์„ ๋‹ด๋‹นํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, Jung์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ตœ์ข… ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ์„ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์žฌ๊ทธ๋ฃนํ™”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํฌ๋ฆฌ์Šคํ‹€๋ผ์™€ ์ •์ด ์„œ๋ฌธ์„, ์€์„œ์™€ ์„ฌ์ธ์ด ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„, ์ง€์œค์ด ์ „์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ผํ•ด ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งˆ๋ฌด๋ฆฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค.

์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ๋ถ„์„

  1. ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ „ํ†ต์  ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์ด ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ์นœ ์˜ํ–ฅ
    ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋™์•„์‹œ์•„ ๋ฌธํ™”๋กœ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ํ™”ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ , ์‚ฌํšŒ์ , ๋ฒ•์  ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์ด ๋ณตํ•ฉ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ผ์ž ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ฑธ๋ฆผ๋Œ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๋ฌธํ™”์  ํŽธ๊ฒฌ์ด ํฐ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ๋“ฑ๋กํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ผ์ฐจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฒ•์  ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ์—๋Š” 'ํ˜ธ์ฃฝ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์‹๋ฏผ๋ฒ•์ œ๋„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ‹€๋กœ ์ž‘์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ข…์ข… ๊ทธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ถ€์žฅ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋‚จ์ž๋งŒ์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์นœ์ž ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •ํ•  ํŠน๊ถŒ์ด๋‚˜ ํŠน๊ถŒ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ๋Š” 2005๋…„ ์ œ๋„๊ฐ€ ํ์ง€๋  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ๋“ค์€ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์–‘์œกํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ข…์ข… ๋‚จ์ž ํ˜•์ œ๋‚˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€ ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋“ฑ๋กํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฒ•์  ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์„ ์šฐํšŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๋นˆ๋ถ€๊ฒฉ์ฐจ, ์„ฑ๋ณ„๊ฒฉ์ฐจ, ์ทจ์—…๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์‚ฌํšŒ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ์š”์ธ์„ ์ข…ํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋ณด์ˆ˜์  ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์ด์œ ๋ผ๊ธฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํž˜๋“  ์ƒํ™œํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด๋‹ค.
  2. ํ•œ๊ตญ์—์„œ์˜ ์ž…์–‘ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž์˜ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
    ํ•œ๊ตญ์€ ์•„๋™์„ ๊ตญ์ œ ์ž…์–‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ†ต๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋„˜์–ด ๊น€ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ์œ ํ•™ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด ํ•œ๋ฏธ ์–‘๊ตญ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์–‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ž์ฃผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋‹ค ๋ณด๋ฉด, ํŠนํžˆ ํ•ด์™ธ ์ž…์–‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ณ ์•„๋“ค์ด ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์€์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ตญ์ œ ์ž…์–‘ ๊ด€ํ–‰์€ ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ „์Ÿ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์˜ค์ง•์–ด ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ƒ์ถฉ์ด ๋„์ฒ˜์— ์žˆ๋˜ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€ 70๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์†๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๊ตญ ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ•œ๊ตญ ๋ฌธํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋ถˆํ˜‘ํ™”์Œ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๋ช…์ •์น˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ . ํ•œ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€์™€ ๊ทธ ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์€ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์ •์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ํ†ต์ œํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚™์ธ์„ ์ฐ์œผ๋ฉฐ '๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•œ' ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋„๋ก ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‚จํ•œ์—์„œ ์—ด๋“ฑํ•œ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์  ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ถŒ์˜ ์ผ๊ด€๋œ ์šด์˜์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜ผํ˜ˆ์ธ์ด๋‚˜ ์•ผ์˜์ง€์—์„œ ์„ฑ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค, ๊ณ ์•„์›์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ์˜ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ๋น„์ •์ƒ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋ถ€์žฅ์ ์ธ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด์„ค ๊ณผ์ •์—๋Š” ๋ถˆ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ์ž‰์—ฌ ์ธ๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฐ•์ œ ์ด์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  3. ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜์™€ ๊ตญ์ œ ์ž…์–‘ ์‚ฐ์—…
    ๊น€ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ๊ตญ์ œ์ž…์–‘ ์‚ฐ์—…์—์„œ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋™๋ณต์ง€์œค๋ฆฌ์™€ ์•„๋™์„ ์ƒํ’ˆํ™”ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šธ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ดˆ๊ตญ์  ์ž…์–‘์˜ ๊ธฐ์›์€ ์ธ๋„์  ์‹œ์žฅ์˜ ์‹ค์ฒœ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ธ๋„์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ์ง‘๋‹จ์  ๋งˆ์Œ์—์„œ ๋ฏธ๋•์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ด€๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ธ๋„์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ๊ธ€๋กœ๋ฒŒ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๋น„์˜๋ฆฌ ๋ถ€๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 1950๋…„๋Œ€์™€ 1960๋…„๋Œ€์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ž…์–‘ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ๋น„์˜๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋™ ๋ณต์ง€ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค ๊ธฐ๊ด€์€ ์ด๋ฆ„์— ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์•„๋™๋ณต์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์ด ์ž…์–‘๊ธฐ๊ด€์„ ๋ˆ์˜ ๊ตํ™˜๊ณผ ๋ฌด๊ด€ํ•œ ์•„๋™๋ณต์ง€๊ธฐ๊ด€๊ณผ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ์ž…์–‘์„ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•œ ๊ณ ์˜์ ์ธ ๋ณ€์žฅ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž…์–‘์˜ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ ˆ์ฐจ์™€ ์ž๋…€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ตํ™˜๋œ ๋ˆ์˜ ์•ก์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋งŽ์€ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ๊ฐ€์กฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง€์‹ ๋ถ€์กฑ, ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ์ด๋ฆ„๊ณผ ์•„๋™ ๋ณต์ง€ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ํ˜ผ๋ž€์„ ์ด์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž…์–‘ ๋ณ„๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์–‘์œก๊ถŒ, ์–‘์œก๊ถŒ์ด ๋ฐ•ํƒˆ๋  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ž…์–‘์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ(์ •๋ณด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ, ์ž๋…€์˜ ์ƒ์กด ์—ฌ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์•Œ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ)๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•  ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค.

    ๋”์šฑ์ด ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ์ƒ์‹๊ถŒ ์กด์ค‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜๋ฌธ์€ ๋ถํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์ž…์–‘ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์•„๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์š”๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ์ œ์  ์ฑ„ํƒ์—๋Š” ์ˆ˜์š”์™€ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ ์‚ฌ์Šฌ์˜ ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์˜๋ฃŒ ์ƒ์‹ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋ฐœ๋‹ฌ๋กœ ์ž…์–‘์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋งŽ์€ ํŽ˜๋ฏธ๋‹ˆ์ŠคํŠธ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ์ด ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ์ƒ์‹ ์กฐ๋ฆฝ ๋ผ์ธ๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ๋ชจ ์‚ฌ๋ก€ ๋ฐ ์ž…์–‘๊ณผ์˜ ์œ ์‚ฌ์„ฑ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์  ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ •๋ง ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์‹ ๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ๋ชจ์˜€์„๊นŒ?
  4. ์„ ํƒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ž…์–‘
    2005๋…„ ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ž…์–‘์•„ ์ค‘ ์•ฝ 40%๊ฐ€ ๋ถ„๋งŒ์‹ค์—์„œ ์ž…์–‘๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ „์ถœ๋œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์‚ฐ๋ผ ์š”์–‘๋ณ‘์›์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทœ์ œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ถ๊ธˆ์ฆ์„ ์ž์•„๋‚ธ๋‹ค. ๊น€ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ 1980๋…„๋Œ€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2000๋…„๋Œ€ ์ค‘๋ฐ˜๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ„๋งŒ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์ฑ…์ž„ํ•œ ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ์˜ ํ˜„์‹ค์„ ๋“œ๋Ÿฌ๋ƒˆ๋‹ค.

    ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ฏธํ˜ผ ์ž„์‚ฐ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ž„์‹  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•œ ํ›„ ์ง€์—ญ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์ œ์™€ ์ ๋Œ€๊ฐ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ข…์ข… ๋‚จ์„ฑ ํŒŒํŠธ๋„ˆ๊ฐ€ ๊ด€๊ณ„์—์„œ ํƒˆ์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์žฌ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ง€์›ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฐ๋ถ€์ธ๊ณผ ์ง‘์€ ํ”ผ๋‚œ์ฒ˜, ์Œ์‹, ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๋ฐ ์˜๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์„ค์ด ์ ˆ์‹คํžˆ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ช‡ ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š” ์˜ต์…˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ๋ถ„๋งŒ์‹ค์—์„œ ํ”ผ๋‚œ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋„์ฐฉํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์„ ํƒ์ง€์™€ ์„ ํƒ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ์•Œ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ฑ„ ์•„๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ๋ฌป๊ณ , ์„ ๋ณ„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ต์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์—ด์•…ํ•œ ์ƒํ™œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ณด๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ ธ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

    ์‚ฐ๋ถ€์ธ๊ณผ ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์ž…์–‘์€ ์„ ํƒ์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‹คํ–‰ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์„ ํƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋Š์ž„์—†์ด ๋– ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž…์–‘์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ชจ์Šต์ผ์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ถœ์‚ฐ ํ›„ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋ฏธํ˜ผ ์ž„์‚ฐ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ž…์–‘ ๊ธฐ๊ด€ ๋ฐ ์ž ์žฌ์ ์ธ ์–‘๋ถ€๋ชจ์™€ ์ •๋ณด ์„ธ์…˜์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž„์‚ฐ๋ถ€์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ๋‹ด์„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋งŽ์€ ์นดํƒ€๋ฅด์‹œ์Šค์˜ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์•ˆ๋„๊ฐ๊ณผ ์•ˆ๋„๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚˜๋ฉด ์ž…์–‘์ธ์„ ๋งŒ๋‚  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ํฌ๋ง์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ณผ์ •์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜„์‹ค์€ 40~50%์˜ ์‚ฐ๋ถ€์ธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์ •์ด ์ง์ ‘ ์„ค๋ฆฝ๋˜์–ด ์šด์˜๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž…์–‘ ๊ธฐ๊ด€๊ณผ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธด๋ฐ€ํ•œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋กœ ์šด์˜๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ์„ฑ์›์€ ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ๋“ค์ด '๋ถ€๋„๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ'์™€ ํž˜๋“  ๊ธฐ์–ต์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๋ณต๊ท€๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์นœ๋ชจ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์ž„์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•  ์—ฌ์ง€๋Š” ์—†๋‹ค.
  5. ์ฑ„ํƒ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค์˜ ํ–‰์œ„์ž ๋‚ด ๊ด€์‹ฌ ์—ญํ•™
    ์ด์ œ ์นœ๋ถ€๋ชจ์˜ ์ •์น˜์  ์•ฝ์ ์ด ์ž…์–‘ ๊ณผ์ • ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์ž…์–‘ ๋ถ€๋ชจ, ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ ์ž…์–‘ ๊ธฐ๊ด€๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์œ„์ž์˜ ์ด์ต์— ๊ธฐ์—ฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ธฐ๊ด€๋“ค์€ '์•„๋™๋ณต์ง€์„ผํ„ฐ'๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์œผ๋กœ ์ด ์ดˆ๊ตญ์  ์•„๋™ ์ž…์–‘ ์‚ฐ์—…์˜ ์ƒ์—…ํ™”์˜ ์‹ฌ๊ฐ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„์žฅํ•˜๊ณ , ๋” ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ชปํ•ด ์นœ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋ฆฌ๋ชจ๋กœ ์‚ผ๋Š”๋‹ค. ์œก์•„๋Š” ์ธ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋„๋•์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜๋ฉฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๊ด€๊ณ„์—†์ด ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ์–‘์œกํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์—ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์  ๋”ํ™”๋œ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์ƒ๋ชจ๋Š” ์ž๋…€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ง€๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ฉด, ์นœ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋Š” ๊ณ ๋ ค ๋Œ€์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋„๋•์  ๋น„ํ–‰"์€ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์นœ์กฑ์˜ ์นจ๋ฌต์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ž…์–‘์ธ 10%๋Š” ๋™๋„ค์—์„œ ๊ธธ์„ ์žƒ์€ ์‹ค์ข…์•„๋™์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ •๋˜๋ฉฐ, ๋”๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€์ •ํญ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋น„์ธ๊ฐ„์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™œํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ๋„ํ”ผํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ข…์ข… ์นœ๊ฐ€์กฑ์€ ์˜ˆ๊ธฐ์น˜ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ž…์–‘๋œ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ๋‚˜์œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž…์–‘์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋น„๋ฐ€์ด ์ž…์–‘ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฒ„๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žฌ์ž…์–‘๋˜๋Š” ์ž…์–‘์ธ์˜ 11-15%์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถˆํŽธํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ง„์‹ค์„ ๊ฐ์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ถœ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์€ ๋„๋•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ•ํƒˆ๋˜๊ณ  ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ๋„ ์—†๊ณ  ๋ฒˆ์‹ํ•  ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋กœ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ธ์‹๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ ์ž์œ ์ฃผ์˜ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ์—์„œ ์ž๊ธ‰์ž์กฑ๊ณผ ์ž๊ธฐ์ฑ…์ž„์ด ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ฒจ์ง€๋ฉฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฒฐ์—ฌ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์žฌ์ƒ์‚ฐ๊ถŒ์„ ๋ฐ•ํƒˆ๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค. ์ดˆ๊ตญ์  ์ž…์–‘๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ฑ…์ž„์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํžˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์žฌ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๋ฐ ์ •์˜์˜ ํ‹€์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
  6. ์ฑ„ํƒ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜
    ๊น€ ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋จผ์ € ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ์งˆ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์œค๋ฆฌ์งˆ์„œ๋“  ์‚ฌํšŒ์งˆ์„œ๋“  ๋„๋•์งˆ์„œ๋“  ์ˆ˜ํ˜œ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์€์ธ๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ง€์ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ด€๋ จ ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ ๋น„๋Œ€์นญ์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ์žฅ๊ธฐํ™”๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ถˆํ•„์š”ํ•œ ํ•ด๋จน๊ณผ ๋ถ€์ƒ์„ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ์ดˆ๊ตญ์  ์˜ต์…˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด, ์–‘ ๋‹น์‚ฌ์ž, ์ž…์–‘์ธ ๋ฐ ์นœ์กฑ์ด ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ณ„์ธต์˜ ์ž…๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž…์–‘ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ด€๋ จ ๋ฌธ์„œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณต๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ณต๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„๋ฒ• ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๋ฒ•์  ํ”„๋ ˆ์ž„์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ, ์ด๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๊ธฐ๊ด€์˜ ์žฌ์‚ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹˜์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊น€ ๊ต์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํฌ์ธํŠธ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” 70๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์นœ ์ดˆ๊ตญ์  ์ž…์–‘์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป์ธ์ง€ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ์„ธํ•œ ์„ ์ด ์—†๊ณ , ํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป์ธ์ง€ ํญ๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐœ์ž…๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ด ์ „์ฒด ์žฅ๋ฉด์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ์™€ ์‚ฌํšŒ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์กฐ๋ก€์™€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ƒ์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๊ฒฐ๋ก 

์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฑ„ํƒ ๋ฌธ์ œ ๋‚ด์—์„œ ์—ญํ•™์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ„์„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํŠนํžˆ ๊น€ํ˜ธ์ˆ˜ ๊ต์ˆ˜์˜ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ํ•œ๊ตญ์˜ ๊ตญ์ œ ์ž…์–‘ ์ •์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž…์–‘์€ ๋Œ€ํ•œ๋ฏผ๊ตญ ์ •๋ถ€์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด์„ค์—์„œ ๊ทœ๋ฒ”์  ์‹œ๋ฏผ๊ถŒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด์ž ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๋ชจ์ž๋ฅผ ๊ทœ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ์œค๋ฆฌ์  ๋ฌธ์ œ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•˜๋‹ค. ๊น€ ๊ต์ˆ˜์™€์˜ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ž…์–‘์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์ƒ๋ช…์ •์น˜ํ•™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ์‹ฌํ™”์‹œ์ผฐ๊ณ , ๋ฏธํ˜ผ๋ชจ ์ง€์› ๋ณต์ง€์„ค๊ณ„์™€ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์žฌ์ƒ์‚ฐ๊ถŒ๊ณผ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ด๋ก ์˜ ๋ถ€์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹ํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜์  ์œ„๊ณ„์งˆ์„œ์™€ ์ž…์–‘ ์ •์น˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜จ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑด์„ค ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์‹ ์ž์œ ์ฃผ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ƒ๊ณผ ์žฌ์ƒ์‚ฐ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฌ๋œ ์ž…์–‘ ํ‹€์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ์—ด์–ด์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค. ์ž…์–‘ ์ •์ฑ…์˜ ์œค๋ฆฌ์ , ์ •์น˜์  ์ฐจ์›์ด ๋”์šฑ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž…์–‘์•„์™€ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฆ์ง„ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

ํ•œ๊ตญ์–ด
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